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Clinical observations or experimental studies have shown that many drugs or chemicals have ototoxicity, can cause toxic damage to the cochlea or vestibule, cause deafness or / and vestibular damage, and the classification is as follows:

1. Aminoglycoside antibiotics such as gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, neomycin;

2. Certain anti-tumor drugs, such as cisplatin, nitrogen mustard, bleomycin, etc.;

3. Diuretics, such as furosemide, uric acid, etc.

4. Salicylic acid preparation, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin);

5. Quinine, has been widely used to treat malaria;

6. Local anesthetics such as cain, lidocaine, cocaine, procaine;

7. Heavy metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, etc.;

8. Inhalation harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, aniline, aminobenzene, nitrobenzene, trichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, methanol, etc.;

9. Non-aminoglycoside antibiotics such as vancomycin, polymyxin B;

10. Chinese patent medicine, used to treat children with fever, convulsions, some Chinese medicines, such as Niuhuang Qingxin Pill, Amber Baolong Pill, Qizhen Dan, etc., which contains realgar (arsenic), may be harmful to hearing. The presence or absence of deafness after the application of ototoxic drugs is associated with a number of factors.

The first is the genetic factors that have been identified, that is, aminoglycoside-sensitive mutations in mitochondrial DNA, such as 1494C>T, 1555A>G, etc., these individuals will have deafness as long as they use aminoglycosides. It is a “one shot”; followed by the amount of drugs, deafness occurs after some large doses of ototoxic drugs have been applied to individuals who do not carry the above mutations, which is related to the large amount of drugs used and the cumulative increase in drug toxicity;

Then there is the basic condition of the individual’s hearing. The same kind of drug is generally more serious to the hearing system of the individual with hearing loss than the normal hearing. This is because the auditory system is more vulnerable under pathological conditions. More sensitive. I hope that everyone knows about ototoxic drugs. When they go to the hospital, they will prompt their doctors’ hearing status or deafness gene detection, and try to avoid using ototoxic drugs.

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