New Method Of Titanium Smelting

Titanium is light and high-strength, and has excellent environmental resistance, so titanium is regarded as an ideal metal material. But the current situation is that only tens of thousands of tons of titanium can be produced each year. Titanium is rich in resources, and the main reason for its slow spread is the high manufacturing cost of metal materials. If titanium can be produced at low cost, it can be used as an ordinary metal material to increase its consumption. At present, the smelting of titanium adopts the Kroll method, that is, the magnesium thermal reduction method of titanium chloride. The advantage is that it is easy to handle titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), so the purity management is relatively easy, and the reducing agent magnesium can be reused. However, the process is complicated. Because it is batch type, the reactor needs to be cooled, etc., a reduction cycle takes about 10 days. Since chemically active chlorides and magnesium are used, a reaction device with high airtightness is required, so the equipment cost is high. These are also one of the reasons for the high cost of titanium. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a smelting method that can correspond to a ten-fold increase in production in the future. Direct electrolysis of oxides-FFC method If titanium oxide can be directly and continuously reduced without passing through titanium chloride, titanium can be produced efficiently and cost-effectively. Recently, the FFC (chlorine-free method) method studied by Cambridge University is a method of sintering the raw material TiO2 first, then making an electrode and immersing it in molten calcium chloride (CaCl2) as a cathode, and then directly producing titanium by electrolysis . The problem that this method needs to solve in the future is to reduce the oxygen content in titanium to the same level as the Kroll method. Direct electrolytic reduction + electrochemical method.
Another solution is to first use the halide solvent method to reduce the activity of the reactant calcium oxide (CaO), and then add a relatively simple method for manufacturing titanium with very low oxygen content-“calcium-halide flux deoxidation method” Through the electrochemical method, that is, a method of removing oxygen in the form of ions in the molten salt with the help of electrons, it is the key to effectively reduce the oxygen in titanium. The future issue is not only to control impurities, but also to establish a method for effective separation of molten salt and titanium. The process of using titanium powder is continuous.
In the effective application of the halide thermal reduction method, the method of blowing titanium tetrachloride directly into the molten salt to produce powdered titanium was also studied. Using a high-speed stirring device, it is also easy to remove the heat of reaction in the development of magnesium chloride molten salt. An important issue in the future is to develop a method for continuous recovery of powdered titanium. As a possibility of a new titanium smelting method, oxide direct reduction method (FFC method, etc.), halide chloride method (electroslag remelting method used by Toyohashi University of Science), directly into molten salt Oxygen blowing method, gas phase reduction method, thermal decomposition method, etc. are all very meaningful reactions.

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